Resolution
1080p: The minimum you should buy. Looks sharp on video calls and streams. Most $40-80 webcams do this well.
4K: Overkill for Zoom calls (which compress to 720p anyway). Useful if you stream at high bitrates or want to crop/digital-zoom without quality loss.
720p: Only if the budget is extremely tight. Serviceable but noticeably soft.
Frame Rate
30 FPS at 1080p: Standard. Fine for meetings and casual streaming.
60 FPS at 1080p: Smoother motion. Better for gaming streams where you have a face cam overlay. Needs more light than 30 FPS.
Autofocus and Light Correction
Autofocus is essential — fixed-focus webcams only work if you sit perfectly still at exactly the right distance. Look for 'auto light correction' which adjusts exposure when your room lighting changes. A webcam with a larger sensor (1/2.8" or bigger) will handle low light better.
Built-in vs External Microphone
Webcam microphones are universally mediocre. They work for casual calls but pick up keyboard noise and room echo. If audio quality matters, plan to use a separate microphone — even a $20 lavalier mic will sound better.
Brand Tiers
Budget ($30-60): Logitech C920s (the gold standard for years), Anker PowerConf C200, Razer Kiyo X. 1080p/30, reliable.
Mid-Range ($60-130): Logitech Brio 500, Elgato Facecam, Insta360 Link. Better sensors, better low light, 60 FPS options.
Premium ($130-300): Logitech Brio 4K, Elgato Facecam Pro, OBSBOT Tiny 2 (PTZ tracking). 4K, gimbal tracking, pro features.
What to Avoid
No-name 4K webcams under $50 — the sensor can't actually resolve 4K. 720p webcams above $30. Webcams without autofocus. Buying a premium webcam for Zoom calls where it'll be compressed to 720p anyway.